Analisis Yuridis atas Tindakan Penertiban oleh Satpol PP terhadap Aktivitas Usaha Tanpa Izin di Kota Batam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jpsn.v4i3.794Keywords:
Satpol PP, Upaya Preventif, Penertiban Administratif, Asas LegalitasAbstract
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis landasan yuridis dan batas kewenangan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja (Satpol PP) dalam melakukan penertiban terhadap aktivitas usaha tanpa izin di wilayah Kota Batam. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif-empiris dengan desain kualitatif deskriptif-analitis. Data normatif diperoleh melalui telaah peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen kebijakan, dan bahan hukum lain yang relevan, sedangkan data empiris dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi nonpartisipatif, dan studi dokumen lapangan di Satpol PP Kota Batam. Informan penelitian berjumlah 12 orang yang terdiri atas unsur pimpinan, pejabat struktural, PPNS, personel lapangan, aparat wilayah, unsur dinas teknis, unsur kepolisian, dan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan penertiban pada praktiknya diawali dengan verifikasi administratif terhadap status legal usaha, lalu dilanjutkan melalui teguran lisan, surat peringatan, pemantauan ulang, dan dalam kasus tertentu penghentian sementara kegiatan usaha. Temuan juga memperlihatkan bahwa penertiban tidak dilaksanakan secara sepihak, tetapi bergantung pada koordinasi dengan kecamatan, kelurahan, dinas teknis dan kepolisian. Hambatan utama yang ditemukan meliputi ketidaksinkronan data administratif, rendahnya pemahaman hukum pelaku usaha, keterbatasan personel, dan resistensi sosial. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keabsahan tindakan penertiban Satpol PP ditentukan oleh kesesuaian asas legalitas, penerapan proporsionalitas, dan kualitas dokumentasi administratif yang menopangnya.
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